Hopefully that will mean it is less skew and less rotten than old posts. I thought I’d write about AI. No, no… not about them replacing writers and artists. They’re kindly freeing us up to do important work… like wash the dishes and clean the floors (yes, I have a story in the works about that too). I was in fact thinking about Military SF and the rapid evolution of drone warfare. Part of being a Science Fiction writer is trying to look into the future and getting it wrong. (One of the joys of writing Regency Romance like CECILY was I was at least writing from real history.)

There can be little doubt that drones have changed the Ukraine war – and the Houthi terrorism menace to shipping. These trends will only continue: many things we took as accepted facts of warfare, probably won’t be.

I’m fairly sure too that many things we take as facts about drone warfare ALSO probably won’t be. For a start, it’s always a race between weapons. So: people predicting today’s off-the-shelf FPV drones becoming a major factor in future wars are probably the equivalent of predicting that muzzle-loaders would endure unchanging. Jamming will become much more sophisticated, and of course, so will jamming-evasion, and then vice versa catchup.

The trouble with catchup like that is that it rapidly hits a root-problem – the race starts becoming more and more expensive, and the big factor NOW where a $400 drone takes out a $2 million tank, and both sides can afford a lot of $400 drones… starts to change where the side with $1000 drones can succeed, but $400 don’t. So: both sides up the ante to $1000 drones that hop frequencies – and then the next trick comes along, costing $10 000… rinse, repeat.

One of the things that has been talked about a lot is swarming to overcome defenses – especially expensive defenses – when it costs $200 000 to take down a $400 drone it starts being very hard to win – which is why there is a lot of chatter about old-fashioned metal-storm type fire, and even things like shotguns, possibly lasers. But as the jamming techniques get better drones will start costing more and more IMO. Saturation starts becoming something that costs.

At the moment, anyway, many drones are disposable ‘suicide’ bombs – the cost of the drone being small and worth the harm they do. As they get more expensive, that will change to weapons on drones. This is already underway. The weapons at first anyway, can be fairly ‘dumb’ (as in dumb bombs) and cheap, but as it all gets more and more sophisticated, they too will have to become ‘smart’ to be at all effective.

With increased signal jamming, drones are going to become much more autonomous – enter AI (Fred Saberhagen predictivity…) Absolute guarantee IMO it will happen. Drones making kills with no communication back and forth from their senders (If you write sf, you can see where this can go so very, very wrong.)

My next prediction is we’re going to see the rapid rise of ‘sleeper’ drones – either left in territory evacuated or drifted in on currents, or rivers or even the wind. Some will be small enough to evade most detection. They may lie passive until signal-activated (quite a lot harder to block than FPV – just a brief, single signal.) or have some kind of sensor that gets triggered by say a person’s body heat, or mass or metals. Or just a timer. Once again, an sf author’s nightmare scenario.

We will start seeing more drone-to-drone warfare – where the purpose of the ‘fighter’ drones is to stop the enemy ‘bomber’ drones getting to valuable targets – human or otherwise.

And the next prediction is mimic drones – made to look and behave like birds or animals. Or possibly remora-drones – hitching undetected lifts on birds or animals – say turtles. Directing animals is possible too. Once again, we head into nasty shoot every possibly living thing.

Interesting times. I do not want to live in interesting times or even write about them.

11 responses to “New Post”

  1. Leslie Fish has a song about the rising cost of warfare. https://m.youtube.com/results?sp=mAEA&search_query=leslie+fish+cheap+weapons

    Personally, I like the idea of a world whose rulers have to allow economic freedom, because bad economies lose wars.

  2. I was at LibertyCon this weekend, Dave. Wanted to let you know you got recommended by a panelist on a YA panel. Lots of us nodded in agreement.

    1. Oh thank you! I would love to go, one day.

  3. teresa from hershey Avatar
    teresa from hershey

    Drones (which can fly upon activation to seek their targets) like mines (which remain essentially in place until activated and then just go off in place)? Yeek.

  4. There’s a lot of sh1t going on lately. Here in the Peeples Repooplik of Canuckistan we have all -kinds- of things suddenly going on that have me thinking about stuff like this.

    Once upon a time a couple years ago I got into this same discussion with a fairly senior guy from Canadian Forces. Canada being what it is these days, and the -size- that it is, it was my opinion that what we needed in an air force was a few high-end air superiority fighters to deal with the Russians, and a very large number of aircraft like the ancient Hawker Typhoon, the venerable tank buster and train destroyer.

    My thinking was that Canada is freaking BROKE. Sure, it would be awesome to have a couple hundred F-35 interceptors. But those things burn money just sitting stone cold in a hangar. What we need is 10,000 cheap aircraft. Something that costs under a $million-per-copy that you can fly all day for a thousand bucks. Something that can carry all the stand-off missiles and radars and crazy remote piloted/AI drones and JDAMS, all that. And a huge gun. Something cheap, modular and repairable. You train a ton of guys on it, you build them in Canada, and you’ve got yourself a hell of a deterrent.

    Then you spend some money on a horde of cheap drones. Chainsaw motor, tank of gas, and a payload. Fire-and-forget autonomous, you launch it and it flies where you tell it, and it blows something up.

    His response was that one F-35 can take out all your Typhoons in a drive-by from a hundred miles away. Which is true, but misses the point entirely. Your F-35 is busy killing $2,000 drones with air-to-air Sidewinders that cost over $100,000 each.

    And that is what the Canadian Forces was thinking around 2020.

    And then we had the Ukraine war, where they are doing exactly what I said. Cheap drones and guys hiding in the woods with glorified bazookas blowing up expensive aircraft and tanks. Bleeding Russia white. They can’t -win-, but it will take a very, very long time for them to lose. Much longer than the Russians can throw $20 million dollar tanks at them.

    And guess what the Americans are looking at to replace the A-10 Warthog, which is everything one could hope for in a ground-attack aircraft made to kill tanks? They’re considering the A-29 Super Tucano, a turboprop trainer that basically replicates the Typhoon for performance (roughly) except less robust and can’t carry as much. The AT-6 Wolverine, same thing different company. The Textron AirLand Scorpion, twin-engine jet trainer made of composite.

    The other thing they’re looking at is a water-bomber/crop sprayer.

    https://www.wearethemighty.com/mighty-tactical/the-cropduster-that-thinks-it-can-replace-the-a-10/

    Notice a theme? Small, cheap to buy, cheap to fly, and you can afford to put thousands of them in the air. Mount a brace of Metal Storm pods on them and go drone hunting. Mount a 30mm on them and kill tanks. Keep the go-fast super planes for dealing with the opposition’s go-fast super planes.

    What is the Canadian Forces looking at now? F-35. The entire world shifted under their feet, and they didn’t notice. From what I can see they’re mostly busy putting tampon machines in the enlisted men’s washrooms, that’s what has been getting all the coverage.

    Now try to imagine what guys are doing in the ocean. You can build a self-guided torpedo pretty cheap and put a -huge- freakin’ payload in it, because in the water speeds are quite slow and buoyancy is nearly free.

    A C-130 flies over a shipping lane and dumps a couple hundred kamikaze robots out the back door. They fall in the water and gracefully descend to the bottom, there to wait for the right engine sound. They can lie there for months. Then they hear the right engine sound, and they swim over to the ship and break its keel by exploding underneath. That’s been around since the 1970s, except now they are really, really cheap AND they can communicate with each other. So now only -one- will go blow up the ship, the rest will lie still and wait for the next.

    The Russians are losing frigates to glorified ski boats. Remote controlled fiberglass boats with an outboard motor carry two big, fat naval torpedoes on deck. They sit around in the Black Sea until a Russian ship comes, then they fire up, drive up to it, launch torpedoes, and run home to do it again.

    This is what we have now, that I know about from basically You-tube shorts and news reports. It feels like the time just before WWI, when army generals were still studying cavalry tactics. The world had moved on to dug-in troops with artillery and Maxim Guns, and the Important People simply did not notice.

    What Dave mentioned and I have not heard much talk about lately is launch-and-forget drones that pick their own targets and blow up whatever is handy. Put a rifle on a quad-bike, tell it to go shoot anybody it finds in grid-square X-by-Y, come home when it runs out of gas or ammo. You can build that now. I’m sure someone is already building it.

    How do you defeat a super drone like that? Cardboard box. The US Marines defeated some Navy super weapon in testing by holding a cardboard box in front of them. Walked right up to it. Probably painted a mustache on it.

    For the ones that are heat seeking, you wear a poncho. No heat signature, no problem.

    Will they get smarter? Yes. Will they get smarter than we are? No. Not happening. Don’t worry about it.

    They won’t even get smarter than a lion or a bear. Some guys hunt those things for fun.

    And of course the ultimate way to beat things like that is to hunt down the guy who makes them and have a word with him about knocking it off. This is what annoys me about the USA in the Middle East. You don’t bother fighting the Houthis. You go find the guy who’s sending them all that war material they can’t build themselves, and you have a quiet word. Then they run out of ammo, and go back to shaking their fists at you from the beach.

    This is why in my stories I write about AI that’s so smart it is your girlfriend. That’s actual fiction, and likely to be for a very long time. More fun, and more room to make up crazy stuff.

  5. William M Lehman Avatar
    William M Lehman

    Dave, several of the things you’re predicting are already out. “drones” that just hang out until something of interest shows up, or they’re activated… Look up the Captor Mine. It’s an autonomous mine that motors off to where it’s told to go, then sits on the bottom until the target it’s told to look for passes nearby. It then shoots a Mk 54 torpedo at it. (hey, a torpedo is basically a drone, and vice versa, just like a cruise missile and a drone are basically the same thing, except for scale.)

    Some smart bugger has come up with a drone that uses the hide off a bird, back before I retired I was hearing some mutterings about spying drones that were the size of an insect, and charged (inductance) by sitting on an AC cord of any sort… Anti drone drones are a thing already.
    Autonomous drones are also already a thing, though frowned upon. The trouble with having a controller somewhere is that if it can be controlled remotely, it can be hacked. If it can be hacked, you can suddenly see that ‘cool sexy force multiplier’ you launched coming back at you with blood in it’s eye. (always a bad way to start the day.)
    Drones are the poor man’s missile, artillery, etc, and just like mines, submarines, and snipers, are a force multiplier. They are also, interestingly enough, the next wave of tool for the revolutionary. If your nation is full of tech geeks, be careful how much you piss them off, for a cardboard and light wood drone is easy to make, and a FA bomb isn’t much harder. Placed in a plastic case (like oh say a 2 liter bottle) that fuel won’t show up on radar. If they’re a little more informed, neither will home made C-4 and glass shards. They’re also a convenient tool for the criminal element. I’m waiting for the first bank robbers to employ one as a look out. Put a quadracopter 500 feet up, you get at least three minutes warning that the po-po are inbound. If it all goes pear shaped, you get to see where they’ve set up blocking forces, and how the breach team will enter.
    All of this is as much of a game changer as the advent of smokeless powder. And just like that innovation, will be adopted early by some forces, and late by others, will change weapon, ship, and tactical designs in many ways some expected, some novel (look up the “dynamite gun ships” once believed to be the only way to deliver a high explosive payload on target.)

  6. Two authors (and I’m sure more) anticipated this half a century ago. “Gottlos” by Colin Kapp and “Watchbird” by Robert Sheckley. Aside from the fact that Kapp envisioned an actual human brain in a tank (a la the Trolls in Weber’s “The Apocalypse Troll”) it’s pretty much as autonomous AI war machines would be expected to work. And watchbirds, plus their hunter-killers, are almost perfect examples of autonomous drones that “learn”. Interesting times indeed…🤢

  7. Funny thing, it seems a lot simpler to build a dirty wide band jammer than a clean narrow band jammer.
    But that would mean giving up command and control to autonomous human troops that have skin in the game. (shrug) For some reason, I don’t think they’re as apt to give decision making authority to a highly motivated E-3 as they are a black box computer program. At this point, it’s more of an insurgent tool. (And the meaning of the phrase “highly motivated” might shift widely before that changes.)

  8. This became a topic at Libertycon. Quelle Surprise. But no matter the weapon or weapons you still need 1) an industrial base to produce them and to have the attendant raw materials and 2) the will to fight.

  9. I’d been thinking about drones and LLMs in the context of my space regency, and concluded that it was a waste of time to try and “realistically” predict what you would use humans for versus what you would use automation for on a time and technology scale that also includes teleportation.

    Remember, mankind’s favorite game throughout history is Cheat the Predictor.

  10. The w(n)ip is set in a future civil war loosely templated off of the American Civil War. One of the things I realized is, cellphones change everything, and I didn’t want to deal with them, or a lot of super advanced future tech.

    My solution really became the whole area is blanketed in so much jamming, nothing beyond landlines really work. Everyone’s got them, but they’re all pretty much in airplane mode, because you don’t get much, it drains the battery, and if anything does get through, it just hangs a giant ‘kick-me’ sign on you anyway.

    Post war people have them and use them. Though I’ll have to think through how it will change peoples’ habits.

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